. Electric Vehicle
A brief history
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Battery electrical cars appeared between 1830 and 1840 and were in absolute the first automobiles to be invented, experimented and later on commercialized. Batteries improvement of the batteries, occurred at the end of 19th century, allowed the consolidation of the market of electrical vehicles, above all in France and Great Britain, that were the first countries to witness its development.
A few years before 1900 before the apparition of the internal combustion motor, more powerful but polluting, electrical cars were holding many records of speed and distance covered with a unique charge. One of the most remarkable records was the breaking of the 100 km/h barrier occurred on April 1899 in France.
In parallel with the takeover of the American economic power, the electrical car market began developing mainly in the United States privileging, still at the beginning of 20th century, the production and sale of electrical vehicles in front of fuel ones.
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Because of the technological limits of the batteries and the lack of a any control of the charge and the traction the maximum speed of these first electrical vehicles was limited to 30 km/h. Already at those times these vehicles were successfully sold as “city cars” to wealthy classes customers.
Along the 20th the internal combustion engine cars have taken ever more significant advantage over the electrical cars until practically making them to disappear on American and European streets.
As a matter of facts the limits of the batteries, both under the energy and maintenance feature, but most of all economic interests have worked to put the electrical car into oblivion, until there have occurred two conditions:
| 1. a technological reason |
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represented by the development of new typologies of traction batteries, together with microprocessor systems to control and optimize their management
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| 2. an environment reason, |
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that pressed to research alternate energy sources with characteristics of sustainability and eco-compatibility, together with a desire to be freed from traditional supplying sources based on hydrocarbon.
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